Indian+Independence+Movement


 * Modern India Timeline**
 * 1751 AD:** Britain becomes the leading colonial power in India.
 * 1757 AD:** British defeat Siraj-ud-daulah at the Battle of Plassey.
 * 1761 AD:** Marathas rule over most of northern India.
 * 1764 AD:** Britain expands to Bengal and Bihar.
 * 1769 AD:** A famine kills ten million people in Bengal and the East India Company does nothing to help them.
 * 1773 AD:** Warren Hastings, governor of Bengal, establishes a monopoly on the sale of opium. Regulating Act passed by the British.
 * 1793 AD:** Permanent Settlement of Bengal.
 * 1799 AD:** British defeat Tipu Sultan.
 * 1829 AD:** Prohibition of Sati by law.
 * 1831 AD:** Administration of Mysore is taken over by East India Company.
 * 1848 AD:** Lord Dalhousie becomes the Governor-General of India.
 * 1853 AD:** Railway, postal services & telegraph line introduced in India.
 * 1857 AD:** First War of Indian Independence also known as Revolt of 1857 or Sepoy Mutiny.
 * 1858 AD:** British Crown officially takes over the Indian Government.
 * 1877 AD:** Queen of England is proclaimed as the Empress of India.
 * 1885 AD:** First meeting of the Indian National Congress.
 * 1899 AD:** Lord Curzon becomes Governor-General and Viceroy of India.
 * 1905 AD:** The First Partition of Bengal takes place.
 * 1906 AD:** Muslim League is formed.
 * 1912 AD:** The Imperial capital shifted to Delhi from Calcutta.
 * 1919 AD:** The cruel Jallianwalla Bagh massacre takes place due to protests against the Rowlatt Act.
 * 1920 AD:** Non-cooperation Movement launched.
 * 1922 AD:** Chauri-Chaura violence takes place due to Civil Disobedience Movement.
 * 1928 AD:** Simon Commission comes to India and is boycotted by all parties.
 * 1930 AD:** Salt Satyagraha is launched as an agitation against salt tax. First Round Table Conference takes place.
 * 1931 AD:** Second Round Table Conference takes place and Irwin-Gandhi Pact is signed.
 * 1934 AD:** Civil Disobedience Movement is called off.
 * 1942 AD:** Cripps Mission is formed; Quit India Movement is launched; Indian National Army is formed.
 * 3rd June 1947 AD:** Lord Mountbatten's plan for partition of India comes into light.
 * 15th August 1947 AD:** Partition of India and Independence from the British rule.

The response to colonization in India, at least by the Indian people, was overwhelmingly negative. The Indians hated living under British rule for a number of reasons. The British outlawed Hindu customs that were considered traditional, such as child marriage, the caste system, or the practice of sati, where some widows would kill themselves (either voluntarily or forced) on their husband's grave. The large empire also had complete disregard for Indian traditions. The British threw parties the Indians considered holy and sacred. In 1769, a huge famine swept through India, yet the British did almost nothing to help the Indians survive. In 1857, the Indians had finally reached their limits, and the Rebellion of 1857, or Sepoy Mutiny, broke out. Sepoys are a mix of Muslim and Hindu people, and together, they built a large army and fought for independence against the British. There were small riots in previous years, but the British army had quickly put them down. The major cause of the rebellion, however, was when the Indian Muslims and Hindus heard about a new British weapon that they thought used cow (a holy Hindu animal) or pig (a animal that the Muslims considered dirty and unclean). The sepoys came to the conclusion that this was one more way the British were trying to control them and the rebellion began. After a bloody rebellion where many losses were suffered on both sides, the rebellion ended in 1859. For a number of years, major rebellions in India stopped. Then Mahatma Gandhi, after working to end racism in South Africa, started his quest for Indian Independence. He taught that non-violent forms of protesting, such as civil disobedience, was the best way for India to gain freedom back. When British soldiers massacred Indians who were protesting the Rowlatt Act, Gandhi announced "non-cooperation." Using non-violent methods, Gandhi and his supporters gained Independence in India of August 15th, 1947.